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ELEMENTS, ISOTOPES AND EVOLUTION
Hubble
Hubble's observations of the violent and beautiful deaths of stars have shown how elements other than hydrogen and helium are dispersed into space and incorporated into new generations of stars and planets.
Stars much more massive than the die in dramatic fashion, exploding as violent supernovae that are so hot and energetic that elements are fused together to form heavier ones--which are then blasted off into space. In fact, all elements heavier than iron are produced in supernovae. Smaller stars like our sun swell up before blowing off their outer layers with a relatively gentle puff, creating pretty planetary nebulae that eventually dissipate into the cosmos.
Instead of stellar deaths, Juno's detailed measurements of Jupiter's chemical compositions will help scientists learn about stellar births: the formation of the Sun and the solar system.